Data availability:

The Missing Migrants Project (MMP) is a global project, and as such collects data in all regions of the world. However, as mentioned throughout this document, MMP data is only as robust as the data sources available, meaning that for remote geographies less data tends to be available. Generally, MMP’s coverage is strongest in the Mediterranean and the US-Mexico border, whereas for the rest of the world data coverage is believed to be poor. However, coverage should not be equated with data quality, as for example in the case of the Mediterranean Sea, many remains are lost and consequently the data on the identities (age, gender, country of origin, name) of the decedents is highly incomplete.

Time series:

2014-present (ongoing data collection)

Disaggregation:

Data on SDG 10.7.3 is aggregated by country and year per the SDG reporting standards. However, far more disaggregated data are available in the public database available on the MMP website, with exceptions following UN and IOM data protection principles. Table 2, below, presents the list of variables that constitute the MMP database. While ideally all incidents recorded would include entries for each of these variables – as these inform both the situation in which a death occurred and the profiles of those who died – the lack of official data on deaths during migration, as described above, mean that this is not always possible. The minimum information necessary to record an incident in the MMP database is the date of the incident, the number of dead and/or the number of missing, and the location of death. If the information for other variables is unavailable, the cell is left blank or “unknown” is recorded, as indicated in the table below.

Table 2: Variables recorded in IOM’s Missing Migrants Project database

Variable Name	Description
Incident ID	An automatically generated number used to identify each unique entry in the dataset.
Region of incident	The region in which an incident took place. For more about regional classifications used in the dataset, click here.
Reported date	Estimated date of death. In cases where the exact date of death is not known, this variable indicates the date in which the body or bodies were found. In cases where data are drawn from surviving migrants, witnesses or other interviews, this variable is entered as the date of the death as reported by the interviewee. At a minimum, the month and the year of death is recorded. In some cases, official statistics are not disaggregated by the incident, meaning that data is reported as a total number of deaths occurring during a certain time period. In such cases the entry is marked as a “cumulative total,” and the latest date of the range is recorded, with the full dates recorded in the comments.
Reported year	The year in which the incident occurred.
Reported month	The month in which the incident occurred.
Number dead	The total number of people confirmed dead in one incident, i.e. the number of bodies recovered. If migrants are missing and presumed dead, such as in cases of shipwrecks, it is left blank.
Number missing	The total number of those who are missing and are thus assumed to be dead. This variable is generally recorded in incidents involving shipwrecks. The number of missing is calculated by subtracting the number of bodies recovered from a shipwreck and the number of survivors from the total number of migrants reported to have been on the boat. Disappearances in remote areas on land are also recorded when the person is presumed to be dead. This number may be reported by surviving migrants or witnesses. If no missing persons are reported, it is left blank.
Total dead and missing	The sum of the ‘number dead’ and ‘number missing’ variables.
Number of survivors	The number of migrants that survived the incident, if known. The age, gender, and country of origin of survivors are recorded in the ‘Comments’ variable if known. If unknown, it is left blank.
Number of females	Indicates the number of females found dead or missing. If unknown, it is left blank. This gender identification is based on a third-party interpretation of the victim's gender from information available in official documents, autopsy reports, witness testimonies, and/or media reports.
Number of males	Indicates the number of males found dead or missing. If unknown, it is left blank. This gender identification is based on a third-party interpretation of the victim's gender from information available in official documents, autopsy reports, witness testimonies, and/or media reports.
Number of children	Indicates the number of individuals under the age of 18 found dead or missing. If unknown, it is left blank.
Age	The age of the decedent(s). Occasionally, an estimated age range is recorded. If unknown, it is left blank.
Name	The name of the decedent(s). If unknown, it is left blank. Not available in the public dataset.
Country of origin	Presumed country of birth or of nationality of the decedent. If unknown, the entry will be marked “unknown”. Not available in the public dataset.
Region of origin	Region of origin of the decedent(s). In some incidents, region of origin may be marked as “Presumed” or “(P)” if migrants travelling through that location are known to hail from a certain region. If unknown, the entry will be marked “unknown”.
Cause of death	The determination of conditions resulting in the migrant's death i.e. the circumstances of the event that produced the fatal injury. If unknown, the reason why is included where possible. For example, “Unknown – skeletal remains only”, is used in cases in which only the skeleton of the decedent was found. Not available in the public dataset.
Cause of death category	All causes of death recorded in the previous variable are categorized under one of the following categories: Accidental death; Drowning; Harsh environmental conditions / lack of adequate shelter, food, water; Mixed or unknown; Sickness / lack of access to adequate healthcare; Vehicle accident / death linked to hazardous transport; or Violence.
Location description	Place where the death(s) occurred or where the body or bodies were found. Nearby towns or cities or borders are included where possible. When incidents are reported in an unspecified location, this will be noted.
Location coordinates	Place where the death(s) occurred or where the body or bodies were found. In many regions, most notably the Mediterranean, geographic coordinates are estimated as precise locations are not often known. The location description should always be checked against the location coordinates.
Migration route	Name of the migrantion route on which incident occurred, if known. If unknown, it is left blank. The routes currently used for this categorization are: Afghanistan to Iran; Belarus-EU border; Caribbean to Central America; Caribbean to US; Central Mediterranean; Darien; Dominican Republic to Puerto Rico; DRC to Uganda; Eastern Mediterranean; Eastern Route to/from EHOA; English Channel to the UK; Haiti to Dominican Republic; Horn of Africa Route; Iran to Türkiye; Italy to France; Northern Route from EHOA; Route to Southern Africa; Sahara Desert crossing; Sea crossings to Mayotte; Syria to Türkiye; Türkiye-Europe land route; Ukraine to Europe; US-Mexico border crossing; Venezuela to Caribbean; Western Africa / Atlantic route to the Canary Islands; Western Balkans; and Western Mediterranean.
UNSD geographical grouping	Geographical region in which the incident took place, as designated by the UNSD geoscheme.
Information source	Name of source of information for each incident. Multiple sources may be listed.
Link	Links to original reports of migrant deaths/disappearances if available. Multiple links may be listed.
Source quality	Incidents are ranked on a scale from 1-5 based on the source(s) of information available. Incidents ranked as level 1 are based on information from only one media source. Incidents ranked as level 2 are based on information from uncorroborated eyewitness accounts or data from survey respondents. Incidents ranked as level 3 are based on information from multiple media reports, while level 4 incidents are based on information from at least one NGO, IGO, or another humanitarian actor with direct knowledge of the incident. Incidents ranked at level 5 are based on information from official sources such as coroners, medical examiners, or government officials OR from multiple humanitarian actors.
Comments	Brief description narrating additional facts about the death. If no extra information is available, this is left blank. Not available in the public dataset.

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