URL:

http://uis.unesco.org/

References:

The proportion of schools with access to electricity, the Internet for pedagogical purposes and computers for pedagogical purposes: see Guide to Measuring Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Education, UIS Technical Paper No. 2.

WASH Monitoring Indicators: https://www.unicef.org/wash

UIS Questionnaires on Statistics of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in Education and the Regional Module for Africa: http://uis.unesco.org/en/uis-questionnaires

Annex: methods used to estimate indicator values using cross-national assessments

Cross national assessments are sample-based and, as such, provide estimates of the proportion of schools with the given facility. Estimation methods followed those suggested by the respective organization providing the cross-national assessment data. All surveys utilized a two-stage sampling procedure, randomly selecting schools and within those classes or students. School-level (first stage) data was used to estimate the percentages of schools with the given facilities. Data was weighted by school sampling weights. The population which the sample of schools represented are presented in Annex Table 1.

Annex Table 1. Data on school environment indicators collected by suggested cross-national learning assessment
			Data collected on the following
Assessment	Number of participants (includes sub-national entities in some cases; data may not be available for all countries for a given indicator)	Target population	electricity	internet for pedagogical purposes	computers for pedagogical purposes	adapted infrastructure for students with disabilities	basic drinking water	single-sex basic sanitation facilities	basic hand-washing facilities
PISA 2018	80	secondary schools with 15 year-old students		X	X
TIMSS 2015	54 4^th grade; 46 8^th grade	schools with 8th grade; schools with 4th grade			X
PASEC 2014	10 both grades	schools with 2nd grade; schools with 6th grade	X				X
LLECE (TERCE) 2013	16 both grades	schools with 3rd grade; schools with 6th grade	X	X	X		X

Annex Table 2. School questionnaire items related to SDG 4.a.1
Survey	Population	Questionnaire item	SDG 4.a.1 sub-indicator
LLECE 2013	schools with 3rd grade students; schools with 6th grade students	¿Con cuáles de estos servicios cuenta la escuela? Luz eléctrica. Sí / No Agua potable. Sí / No	Electricity and basic drinking water
LLECE 2013		¿Cuántos computadores hay en la escuela para uso de los estudiantes? Con conexión a Internet: No hay / Entre 1 y 10 / Entre 11 y 20 / Entre 21 y 30 / Más de 30 Sin conexión a Internet: No hay / Entre 1 y 10 / Entre 11 y 20 / Entre 21 y 30 / Más de 30	Internet for pedagogical purposes; computers for pedagogical purposes
PASEC 2014	schools with 2nd grade; schools with 6th grade	65.Is there in the school...? Electricity: yes/no Piped-in water: yes/no Another source of drinking water (well, borehole…): yes/no	Electricity; drinking water
PISA 2018	secondary schools with 15 year-old students	The goal of the following set of questions is to gather information about the student-computer ratio for students in the <national modal grade for 15-year-olds> at your school. (Please enter a number for each response. Enter “0” (zero) if there are none.) At your school, what is the total number of students in the <national modal grade for 15-year-olds>? Approximately, how many computers are available for these students for educational purposes? Approximately, how many of these computers are connected to the Internet/World Wide Web?	Internet for pedagogical purposes; computers for pedagogical purposes
TIMSS 2015 4^th & 8^th grade	Math and science teachers’ classes of 4^th grade & 8^th grade students (can be aggregated to school level)	Do the students in this class have computers (including tablets) available to use during their mathematics lessons? Yes / No Do the students in this class have computers (including tablets) available to use during their science lessons? Yes / No	Computers for pedagogic use

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Rætta uppseting: 4.a.1